Essay Questions for the Exam

Phil 402
Exam 2 Essay Questions


1. Describe and explain the problem of evil, then discuss Hick’s soul-making theodicy. In your discussion, briefly explain how Hick’s theodicy differs from a traditional, Augustinian theodicy. Finally, state and explain a major objection to Hick’s theodicy, indicate how he might respond to this objection, and discuss the adequacy of his response (or the response you have provided for him).

2. Describe and explain the problem of evil, then discuss Swinburne’s version of the free will defense. In your discussion, be sure to identify at least one serious objection to Swinburne’s account and take a stance on whether there is a good defense against this objection. (The good defense or response could be one Swinburne himself offers or one that is consistent with Swinburne’s overall approach.)

3. Clifford maintains that “it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence” (99). State and explain Clifford’s argument for this thesis, then identify and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of his argument. Based on your assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of his argument, does Clifford’s argument establish that religious belief is “wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone”? Explain and support your answer.

Note: You may use James in your discussion, but you are not required to do so.